AND

Boolean AND logic operator. Searches for records containing both of the words it separates.

OR

Boolean Or logic operator. Searches for records containing either of the words it separates.

NOT

Boolean NOT logic operator. Searches for records containing the query word preceding it without containing the word following it.

NEAR

NEAR operator. Functions as bi-directional proximity operator if word range (e.g. deficit near3 spending) is specified. If no word range is specified, functions as bi-directional adjacency operator.

ADJ

ADJACENCY operator. Searches for records in which the query word that follows it appears immediately after the word preceding it.

w/n

proximity operator

?

wild card operator for single character; matches any one character.

*

wild card operator for strings; matches any string. Examples: micro* matches microscope, microcomputer, *late matches relate, translate

+

stemming operator; forces a word stem (if search stemming is off) Example: run+ finds run, runs, and running

#

exact match operator; forces an exact word match (if search stemming is on) Example: run# finds run, but not runs or running

@

thesaurus operator; replaces the word before the operator with its synonyms from the thesaurus Example: satellite@ is replaced by synonyms listed for satellite in the thesaurus

!

concept operator; spontaneously generate a list of words related to the word before the operator; searches for, retrieves, and ranks all records containing those related words; hit words are not highlighted

:field

field restriction operator for a single word in the query; specifies that the word before the colon is to be searched only against field. Example: smith:author specifies that the author field is to be searched for the query word smith

/F:

field1, field2...field restriction operator for the entire query; specifies that the entire query is to be searched against fields Example: jane fonda/F:text, author, title specifies that jane and/or fonda need to be in either the text, author, or the title field for the record to be retrieved

field=num

numeric match operator; specifies that field must exactly match num, where num is a non-negative number Example: year=1982 requires the contents of the year field to contain 1982

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